At the time of British rule in India the dispute between Hindu and Muslim got started in 1528, when Babri Masjid was made by Mir Baqi who was the general of Babar and local people said that the Masjid was made after demolishing the Ram Mandir.

The first conflict was started in 1853 and Hindu and Muslim both were fighting for their places as Hindus believed that mandir was there and Muslim believe that masjid was there as in order to resolve the dispute Britishers ordered to separate the places for both Hindus and Muslims and decided that inner portion of the area will be used by Muslims for namaz, outer part of the area will be used by Hindus for puja.

Later on in 1885,Mahant Raghubar Das for the very first time took the matter in front of the court and demanded to do some construction of the roof on the outer part of the area which was given to Hindus where they used to do puja.

On 23 December, 1949 Lord Ram idol was found and placed inside the disputing area.

As idol of Lord Ram was found so Hindus started claiming that this place is of Hindu and mandir was there before the construction of masjid,the Hindu and Muslim riot got started and due to this feud government banned that area.

In order to remove the ban and gain possession on the land many cases were filled in the court as:

• 1950, Mahant Raghubar Das filled as case for right to pooja for Hindus.
• 1959, Nirmohi Akhara group filled a case for full area in Hindus possession.
• 1961, Sunni waqf board demanded for whole possession of Babri Masjid and claimed that area is of Muslim and idol of Lord Ram was placed inside it illegally by Hindus.
• Along with the court cases many committees were formed outside the court as Vishwa Hindu Parishad Committee and Babri Masjid Committee.
• In 1986 Faizabad court decided and allowed Hindus to do pooja inside the area then Muslims demanded their possession in the area but government wanted to resolve the matter outside the court because if decision done by the court then one party will lose and riot will held between Hindu and Muslims.
• 1990 Now the situation has become very critical and Lal krishna Advani started the Yath, Yatra from Somnath (Gujarat) to Ayodhya (UP) and riot increased and due to this Advani got arrested in Bihar. At that time Kalyan Singh government was there and they took control over the whole disputed area.
• 6 December 1992 Thousands of Kar Sevaks went there and demolished the Babri Masjid and made Ram Mandir.
• After that riot spread in whole India and due to this Liberhan Committee was appointed in order to do enquiry on the matter.

At that time Congress government was there in centre and they made one proposal and decided to devide the disputing area into:

• Mandir
• Masjid
• Library
• Museum

But this proposal of dividing the area was not accepted by the people.

In 2002 BJP(Bharatiya Janata party) came into centre with Prime Minister Atal Bihari Bajpayi and he made Ayodhya Vibag with objective to resolve the issue considering both Hindus and Muslims and to settle the dispute outside the court.

In April 2002 Allahabad High Court created 3 judge bench and they ordered ASI( Archaeological Survey of India) to investigate into the matter and submit the report of it.

As per Archaeological Survey of India report in 12th century the Mandir was there on that land and in 15th century Masjid was made and in between that times period no evidence is there and local people were saying that Masjid was made after demolishing the temple.

Allahabad High Court gave their decision on 30 september 2010 and as per that decision:

1. Ram Mandir part was alloted to Ram Lala Virajman.
2. Sita Rasoi, Ram Chabootra part was alloted to Nirmohi Akhara.
3. Remaining part was given to Sunni Waqf Board.

On 9th May 2011 Supreme Court intervenes and put hold into the decision of the Allahabad High Court.

February 2016 Subramanyam Swami filled the case in Supreme Court and asked for final decision of the court then on March 2017 SC chief justice KS Kehar was asked to resolve the dispute between Hindus and Muslims outside the court. And around 32 appeals have reached to Supreme Court against the decision of the Allahabad High Court.

Supreme Court composed a bench of 5 judges:

1. Justice Ranjan Gogni
2. Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde
3. Justice DY Chandrachud
4. Justice S Abdul Nazeer
5. Justice Ashok Bhushan

After that Supreme Court of India has reserved its judgment and said the parties to submit the Molding of relief.

Nirmohi Akhara was represented by Sushil Kumar Jain and they were demanding for inner possession of the land form the court.

Suni Waqf Board was represented by Rajeev Dhawan and demanded for inner and outer portion of that land.

Ram Lala Virajman was represented by CS Vaidayanathan and they were demanding for the whole area for Ram Mandir.

9 November 2019 Finally decision taken by the Supreme Court on the land and it was India’s second longest running case with the hearing of 40 days.

Supreme Court said that the ownership of that disputed land between Hindus and Muslims from past many decades cannot be decided on the basis of local people opinion or what they are saying or only on the report submitted by ASI(Archaeological Survey of India) but the decision the matter will be based on the evidence and it clearly shows that Masjid was there and Hindus were also allowed to do pooja there.

As Allahabad High court given decision and distributed that land into 3 parts was unsustainable and it was not even demanded by the parties.

So the outer space in which Hindus used to do pooja so there control was present at that time and before 23December1949 Muslims used to do namaz, it means they are doing for past 400 years so even they have full right to do so depriving them right to worship.

In the end Supreme Court decided to do partition of the land between Hindus and Muslims as 2.77 Acre land was allotted to Ram Lala Virajaman and 5 Acre land to Suni Waqf Board. Now Hindus can make Mandir and Muslims can make Masjid in the allotted land.