Non-banking financial company (NBFC) is financial institutions which are registered under the Indian Companies Act of 1956. The operations of these institutions started in 1960s but their significance increased only after 1991 and now they have become a crucial part of financial system of India. The financial services which NBFCs provide are somewhat like banks, for example it can grant loans and advances but the major difference between the two is that NBFC cannot accept demand deposits.

The ongoing health crisis has overpowered the country, the severe impact of which can be seen through the economic effects which have crept in due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The setting up of the para banks to these risky sectors in these COVID times has made these sectors more weak and they are not able to fight against this sluggishness in the economy. These bank's liquidity has been pulled down immensely because the quality of the assets has been weakened at such a rate that it is very tough to recover.

This paper will try to analyze the impact which the liquidity crisis has caused upon the different classes of non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) along with the impact on the segment which comprises borrowers whose economic activities have been disrupted. Due to this wave of the global pandemic, real estate and micro finance has witnessed bust in their respective sectors when it comes to consumption and other economic activities as a result the loan exposure which was provided to these sectors by NBFCs has also been worst hit. Moreover, the liquidity stress has been exacerbated because new capital cannot be approached and the losses in loan are increasing.

The current pandemic has caused problems for all corporate sectors that have discharged NCDs but this crisis has put the non-banking finance companies (NBFCs) in an unusual problem. Earlier this year, RBI issued a direction which extended the moratorium period on the loans given by NBFCs till 30th June, 2020 which has significantly affected their receivables in that time period. Moreover, a restriction has been imposed on the NBFCs under which they cannot classify the accounts of borrowers who have defaulted as non-performing assets. Simultaneously, they are still required to keep paying the principal along with interest which is accrued on their NCDs during this period of three months.

The NBFCs are usually dependent on the debt capital markets and banks for their generation of funds for further lending as unlike banks, they are not allowed to accept deposits from the public. Due this reason, any delay or extended moratorium period provided to the borrowers of NBFCs has a direct and severe repercussion on its capability to service their financial obligation. If NBFCs call for any defaults then it will act as a catalyst which will set off the cross-default clauses across other financing contracts which will increase the chance of systematic default across the whole of Indian financial sector.

After 2008-09 financial crises, the NBFC's in India had been floating up to 2017 lately. Although in 2019, defaults which were committed by NBFCs in India agitated the whole commercial banking sector which lead to antitrust in the borrowers and shook the entire sector which leads to the shortage of the liquidity in the financial market and a negative image of the sector was built in the eyes of the borrowers.

Each and every HFC's and NBFC's are now focused on reforming the current lendings and not on gearing up its personal growth.

The final quarter of financial year 2020 was assumed as giving green flags because it took everything into account which prior were limited to enormous NBFCs which included its development and liquidity, was currently obvious in even the normal and mid sized NBFC's. Nonetheless, Percentage of non-performing loans to total gross lending of Major10 countries that have the biggest economy world were as follows:
France 2.6% , Germany 1.2% , USA 0.9%, Canada 0.4% , UK 1.1% , Brazil 3.1%, Italy 8.1% , India 9.3%, China 1.8% and Japan 1.1%. Here, the issues of quality of assets in private NBFCs and banks, major lending problems like the defaults in the bonds, and regular issues such as constant exposure and weakness in the plans and objectives of the big NBFCs has driven them to fix liquidity of certain NBFC's in the market.[1]

NBFC'S Functions
After advancement of the economy in 1991, financial specialists increased a huge interest in NBFC's. They deals with advances and lendings , purchase of stocks, shares, securities, debentures, , chit business , renting and leasing an hire-purchase among different other NBFC's. NBFC's at a great extent started to help the Indian economy by putting into infrastructures and real estate ventures, which is a growing area for a developing country like our own.

Be that as it may, over the long run they began to have a significant liquidity crunch in this way coming about into critical fall in their credit ratings assessments. One of the critical explanations of such crunch was the assets liability mismatch. NBFC's collect funds by borrowings from other commercial banks or generally by selling commercial papers, or giving instruments of debt like bonds, non-convertible debentures, leases and so forth ( short term borrowings).

Consequently, they loan these short term borrowings to long term ventures like infrastructure projects which normally gets postponed over a drawn out period. Therefore, they can't restore their pattern of assets and it prompts significant liquidity crunch. Moreover, feeble monetary administration and absence of due ingenuity adds on to the breakdown of such organizations. Every one of these elements have intensely affected the Indian economy and the arrangement of constant downsizes in NBFCs, have pushed housing finance organizations and projects related to infrastructure in emergency too.[2]

Major NBFC�s Crisis
The Il&Fs Crisis And Its Impact
Registered with RBI as mainly Investment Company, Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services Ltd. (IL&FS) was formed in 1987, which had ORIX, LIC, and some banks of India like SBI as its institutional Investors . Lately, this major Investment country in India which had covered 30 years in the field of infrastructural development came up with a giant debt of almost Rs. 1 lakh crore as it lately started making defaults in making payments to the lenders and their responsibilities towards the banks were not fulfilled.

It also failed to meet up the long term and short term loans and also never completed the responsibility towards redemption of commercial paper . After these endless mistakes, many rating institutions like ICRA, CARE, etc., straight forwardly demoted IL&FS and all the other subsidiary from the position of high investment grade (AA plus) to the level of junk grade which states awaiting problems and the crisis in the financial market.

On the worst, these frauds threatened the banks, investors and mutual funds and created an immense fear to invest in this NBFC's . Because of all these tensions, the, National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) removed the current Board of Directors of the NBFC IL&FS[3] and the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), based on the complaint and charge sheet which was filed by the Serious Fraud Investigation Office (SFIO) complained against all the auditors of IL&FS including 30 other parties for the crime of criminal conspiracy and making defaults in the reporting of the statements of the NBFC.[4]

Although, no recovery or resolution has been made from the company. In the latest judgment, the Supreme Court strictly did not allow to encash any of the guarantees of the bank against the people who were presented as the bank guarantors.[5]

DHFL Crisis
One of the biggest housing firms in India can be named as Dewan Housing Finance Corporation Ltd. ("DHFL") which is enrolled as a NBFC. After IL&FS issue, the stock of the company was likewise significantly impeded, by around half percentage of degradation in it. DHFL defaulted to pay back almost Rs. 900 crore of interest on the borrowings, making all the institutions of rating to degrade its rating and its business papers and NCDs to default its position on 4 th June, 2019.

Nonetheless, DHFL made a few endeavors to take care of its obligation by auctioning off its resources and pulled out its mutual asset business. On July 6, 2019, DHFL owed Rs. 83000 crores to banks, National Housing board, bond holders and mutual funds. Further, a scientific audit statement was additionally led by KPMG and started by a group of lenders, driven by Union Bank of India, raised doubts that DHFL has redirected the cash Currently, the CMD of DHFL, Mr. Kapil Wadhawan was arrested by the Enforcement Directorate' He was accused of money laundering along with involvement in related party transactions Currently, the Supreme Court has switched its order expressing that the fixed deposit holders to be paid off earlier than the housing finance organization begin giving loans .[6]

ALTICO Crisis
Another NBFC that can be talked about is Altico Capital Ltd.which mostly deals with the finances of the real estates and has defaulted in the payment of interest which amounted Rs. 20 crores which adds up an yearlong NBFC emergency in Indian financial markets. Atlico has a responsibility to pay Rs. 4500 crores to the financial market system. Recently, RBI is giving an second thought that whether Altico should be referred to NCLT because they are internally making plans to solve the debt resolution plans as of now.

Hence these as it are expected to work on some debt resolution plans internally. Therefore, these types of important NBFCs are running out of cash flows and have been making defaults in payments and have affected the Indian financial market as well as economy and have therefore thrown it very deep in the pitfall of economy.

A Story Of Mismatches
Indian banks are in their difficulties as they are unable of taking care of the Non-Performance Assets (NPA) in one way and are trying to expand their capital to the level that is mentioned under the RBI policies and as per the guidelines from the BASEL- III rules. Earlier, they had sufficient capacity to give away loans in the market but now this capability of these NBFC's has been suppressed in past few years.

NBFC's has tried to open new ways to source themselves and get out of this situation. For example, banks, mutual funds, and lending internationally. At the point, where they were not able to pay their debts on the upcoming due dates, they tried their best to keep themselves stable by opening new ways or by exchanging or rotating finances in the market to pay back the earlier dues. These situations have perceived different opinions of the expert in the market and therefore, controllers were not in favor of the idea of accepting new ways for funding as it can bring more risks to the NBFC's and can make them more weak.

The major cause for the emergency with IL&FS and many more NBFCs was because they opted for is short term loans which can be in a form of mutual funds or commercial instruments but at the same time they were providing loans for long term purposes which includes housing loans in various kinds such as real estate, finances of infrastructure, or loans to the developers. Lately when his fresh flow of capital got emptied, commitments for payments or to honour to repay was made worst which bought in the liquidity. Also, developers of the property were nowhere able for finishing their projects and also are not able to sale these units on the fixed time.

Hence, the burden of the debt grew which pressurized them to become helpless as they were unable to repay the outstanding lending on a fixed date. This issue of liquidity crisis was majorly neglected through the management of risk department at many companies of finances and it has been a critical situation for many of the NBFC's.

Their situation became so severe and worst that these NBFC'S now started dealing with their side businesses which also included selling of their major assets of loan to many of the banks to stay in the market and maintain their liquidity .Therefore, these lead to degradation in the quality of their assets year by year which made situation extreme worst.

After a while, raising funds and cash got very much complex, which even was available was present in the kind of non-convertible debentures (NCDs) which had its cost at a very high price. The cost of lending in the financial debt market domestically became at a higher lending cost which was not feasible. Giving higher significance to security, the Employees' Provident Fund Organization (EPFO) chose to retain any new interests in private bonds in the sector until any extra notice. EPFO provides for almost Rs. 25,000 crores to Rs. 40,000 crores in private bonds in the sector.

The office of the provident fund is wary to the point that it requested that its managers of funding department to gives ratings by the support of any of the FICO organizations (CRISIL, ICRA, CARE Ratings, and India Ratings & Research) in any event, when putting resources into public bonds in the sector . There was a control in lending spreads on account of the higher global inflows into funds of liquidity in 2019around may.

During this time many of the companies took advantage and raised their capitals through this global debt document .Some organizations were sufficiently fortunate to raise funds through worldwide debt paper. Indiabulls Housing Finance had the option to make sure about a $350m subsidizing in its first lending in foreign when it had the option to offer to Asian and European moneylenders at 6.37 percent.

The arrangement seems costly in light of the fact that trade costs, retaining assessment, and other such things when represented increment the powerful rate to 11 percent. Despite the fact that the expense of acquiring is high, it is in any event ready to keep away from liquidity issues. Some different organizations, for example, DHFL, it went down to that level that it had to sell their businesses which were not core or for subsidiaries of joint venture to orchestrate cash for their obligation for debt repayment.

They attempted to locate big financial partners who can fund them and rescue them. The credit crisis affected loaning in a few different areas, including loans to consumers and lending in automobiles sector. The developing fin tech credit stage business got injured in the midst of the emergency since the fund raising turned out to be excessively costly for some of the business players.[7]

RBI's Tightening Of Norms Before 2020

NBFCs were requesting some guidelines or ways for methods to balance their liquidity or to maintain their finances, but RBI neglected their problems as they felt this COVID crisis is just a situation of money crunch and it is not fundamentally that important. Instead of that, it better requires a new possible way to introduce new plans for the better working of the NBFC's although it was very late. Later, The nineteenth Financial Stability statement[8] stated that the huge failure of these NBFC's will make a very bad impact on the money market as well as on the banks and it requires more than a mere check or surveys of these NBFC's.

Further, The Union Budget of 2019 opened up a new doorway for accessing the capital inflow and liquidity into these NBFC's by permitting all the publically owned banks to grant loans to the NBFC's that have asset value up to Rs. 1 trillion that can make these NBFCs monetarily stable and for this purpose, the government will be allowing assurance of credit for the major loss of 10%for one and a half year.

Therefore, through this option, banks were indirectly provided with the new opportunity to purchase those NBFC's assets worth Rs. 1 trillion in 2020. Due to which, RBI immediately reexamined these rules laid down for banks and hence planned to give protection to these NBFC's by covering their assets under Basel III standards. Prior to the Budgetary declaration, RBI's way to handle these typical situations for NBFC was to stable these companies by fortifying hem and they assumed that the NBFC can take care of themselves and should balance their funds by complying to their set norms.

It brought draft rules in June, 2018 that compelled unions thereby that have more than 11,000 businesses to merge. At that time , the banks though that this is the best opportunity to merge certain NBFC's in these critical times to diversify them . Likewise, Indiabulls Housing Finance and there subsidiaries are merging with Lakshmi Vilas Bank (LVB).

The Liquidity Risk Management Framework would be applicable to all other NBFCs which are having Rs. 100 crore of assets and each and every Core Investment Companies (CIC) which are RBI registered . The Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) which apply to non-deposit accepting NBFCs which have Rs. 5000 crore assets have to make it necessary for NBFCs to keep aside the liquidity which is highly liquidable so that they can be able to meet up all the short term debts.

Steps Taken To Save NBFC'S
NBFCs have played an important and necessary function in the financial markets of India by supplementing the major area and by acquiring diversity and viability into monetary intermediation. Notwithstanding, lately, the capital structure and quality of assets of these NBFCs have crumbled messing up both the banking and the financial markets of the country.

This represents a gigantic challenge for the Central Government and along these lines requires rigid structure to direct NBFCs. On November 15, 2019, the Central Government gave a notice to introduce NBFC's under the meaning of Financial Service Provider which thusly would carry any NBFC with assets worth Rs 500 crores or more under the scope of IBC[9]
It is a positive step and is expected to help limit losses for creditors as compared to liquidation. In light of the recent notification, on November 20, 2019, RBI commenced the insolvency proceedings against DHFL.

The standards set somewhere by the Central Government is a reformist way to deal with and help the financial and economic degradation. Besides, an appropriate resolution plan alongside the most recent standards will help the lenders of NBFCs which are in distress in recuperating a bit of their debt. While the current laws which are applicable to a FSP (Financial Service provider) have demonstrated to be fruitless in handling the current emergency, the current standards are undeniably more gainful.

The IBC is a powerful enactment and accordingly the ongoing guidelines should help lessen the issues looked by the creditors in recuperating debt from these FSP (Financial Service Provider) (NBFCs) in trouble. Nonetheless, the specific extent of third party assets should be explained and the notice in such manner from the Government is anticipated. As expressed already, the guidelines are essentially critical and will go about as an interaction between resolution plan as provided in IBC and the standards of financial companies.

It will bring truly necessary break for the stakeholders engaged with NBFCs as they currently have a way to actualize a resolution plans. The current structure gives that this is an important measure and a comprehensive act in such manner will be urgent. The execution of this system will be investigated cautiously as it advances with the resolutions of NBFCs being embraced by the way of these regulations.

Measures by RBI
The RBI through the way of RBI Relief Package, has presented the Targeted Long-Term Repo Operations (TLTRO). The banks which involved future risks, utilised the money which was received as a borrowing from RBI at the time when the repo rates were reduced , in investing in debt securities of only those companies which are ranked on top and have enough capital inflow, thus dispiriting the major objective of the relief package given by RBI.

Consequently, the revised Targeted Long-Term Repo Operations (TLTRO 2.0) was presented by RBI so as to maintain the liquidity in the market of small and medium sized companies[10] 50% of the liquidity for the purpose of TLTRO 2.0 has been aimed at the crucial financial sector being 10% of the cash which has been flowed so that it can be used to buy out stocks which are sold by microfinance companies, 15% for NBFCs which have assets worth of INR 500 crore or less and 25% was given to stocks and securities of NBFCs which range from INR 500 crore to INR 5,000 crore. Additionally, The RBI on decreased the reverse repo rate - the rate at which banks stable their asset with the national bank up to 25 basis points focuses to urge banks to loan to the gainful areas of the economy.

Till now, many measures have been taken to safeguard the sector of para banking industry from this COVID crisis which has completely disturbed the finances of these firms after the release of the relief package which has been provided by RBI in March ,27. This was enhanced with nitty gritty of guidelines dated April 17, 2020 from the RBI concerning classification of assets and provisioning standards ("RBI Relief Package") which was planned to lighten borrower tensions.

According to the RBI Relief Package, the organizations which gives loans by the way of NBFCs were allowed to give a moratorium for a quarter of a year on installment due between March 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020. Currently, this has been extended by the RBI upto three i.e., from June 1, 2020 to August 31, 2020, vide the notice dated May 23, 2020. As we know , NBFCs utilize the money which is collected from the repayment of the money by the borrowers in installments to fulfill their debts which has been borrowed by the big moneylenders.

Giving away a moratorium to the borrowing party on installment of loans means something bad for the area as the NBFCs as it work on exceptionally short term liquidity which has been mentioned in their financial statements.[11]

Measures by Government
Being a piece of the five-trenched INR 20 Trillion stimulus package, the Indian Government has tried to offer liquidity help to the NBFC's which amounts to INR 75,000-crore to the financial markets and the banking sector. This help offer has been issued under two different policies.

Accordingly, the first policy presents for the institution of a INR 30,000-crore unique fund of liquidity, after which it will be observed that the investments that are made in the sector will be wholly made would be fully be assured through the Government of India. The Union Cabinet offered its post-facto sanction to this unique liquidity programme on May 20, 2020.[12] In this policy, the Government would be establishing a special purpose vehicle (SPV) which will be granting interest containing unique securities which will not exceed INR 30,000 crore to the RBI, and will be assured by the Government of India.

The proceeds from such policy will be utilized by the SPV for investing in to invest in venture grade securities held by the NBFCs, micro finance institutions and housing finance companies. The second policy has already being implemented which includes partial credit guarantee scheme which amount to INR 45,000-crore, which has been exceeded for providing 20% first defeat guarantee cover for the investments made in lower-rated and unrated securities of NBFCs.

securing of debts by the Government from the para banks in this sector is the first step by the Government. Banks have been ignoring these since a long time and the government on seeing this has taken a really important decision in his regard. In a monetary framework as of now timeworn by terrible obligations, the truth will surface eventually how much and how much the sovereign ensures will have the option to give upgrade to the banks to loan liberally to the feeble NBFC area.

As the Government and the RBI plan to fill the economy with liquidity inflow with their stimulus packages in the shorter span of time and controlling repo activities individually, the banks may in any case need to proceed with caution by surveying the reasonability of their borrowers in light of a legitimate concern for their asset reports in the more coming future.

The Bank of Baroda will examine the NBFC's loan range to evaluate the quality of its assets , possessions o capital, major shortcomings developed in the market. Recently, the Bank of Baroda has followed up the scrutiny process by handling charge to the management which are empaneled with the Indian Banks' Association that can assist in the process.[13]

Measures by SBI and other banks
The directors of the stated that all the institutions of lending just like banks, Non-banking Finance Companies (NBFCs), Micro Financial Institutions (MFIs) Housing Finance Companies (HFCs), and others will allow term loan lenders and credit card lenders a moratorium for three months for paying all the installments that are due and are falling within 1 March to 31 May 2020.

Also, RBI has also allowed for deferring revival of interest which apply to credit on cash basis and overdraft services within the time frame of 1st March to 31 May, 2020. Al though interest will be accruing continuously on the outstanding segment of the term loan, Overdraft facilities (OD) or Cash Credit (CC) in between the moratorium phase. Further, In CC and OD services, all the joint accrued interest will be recovered after this period is completed immediately on that given figure.[14]

The directors also included that these financial institutions should be made in the manner of Board-approved regulations that provide for above stated grants to specifically all eligible borrowers that exempt the three-month moratorium verdict on the financial company's regulations. So these institutions stated that they have allowed all the borrowers to get benefit of the three-month moratorium relief .[15]

Hence SBI allowed the selective NBFC'S for a moratorium of 3 months and have now extended it further. SBI will also assist NBFCs by providing them with exceptional loans of Rs 50-200 crore for a period of five years. Bank of India, one more public sector bank has allowed this kind of facility to the NBFC.[16]

Impacts On NBFC

1. Business Structure
   
   • COVID-19 has upset the plan of action and organizations are facing difficulty in this new change, which will lead to a major change in the working of each firm and the regular cycles in associations.
      
   • These institutions will be in he dire need of new management techniques to maintain the stability in the market,. The emphasis should be on progress in quality of assets rather than accounting report development or financial statement's growth in the next term.
      
   • Companies must put resources into innovation drove underwriting devices, for example, digital lending, video-based individual conversation, TAB-based on loan application and C-KYC.
      
2. Liability issues:
   
   • Although measures by the RBI would help making the liquidity flow at a much faster pace to the area, it may not prompt the capital flow in the economy as these organizations would prioritize liquidity over the financial statement's development.
      
   • While RBI declared that funds under TLTRO 2.0 must be conveyed in investment-grade instruments only, most of MFIs in the small and medium-sized classification don't have a investment rating. This would seriously affect the position in terms of liquidity in such MFIs and would prompt asset liability management (ALM) for the time being.
     
     Asset-Liability Mismatch
     For an area that was at that point focused on, the RBI Relief Package has further created problems to them which can be called as asset-liability mismatch [17] While the NBFCs are coordinated to offer the moritorium to its borrowers, lenders of the same have been hesitant to expand a similar relief. The difficulties are considerably more deep for NBFCs who have most sharing in the capital market borrowings because no moratorium has been stated for borrowings from capital market.
     
     An interim relief in regard of deferment of services of its business papers and bonds was looked for in the Delhi High Court in the case of Indiabulls Housing Finance vs. Securities and Exchange Board of India[18] and was withdrawn by Delhi High Court order dated May 05, 2020. The HDFC Bank was allowed to fit the fixed price for installments that was to be paid back again during the moratorium period was ongoing . This clearly mentions the unwillingness of the banks to provide any discount on payment or repayment by NBFCs with respect to RBI Relief Package.
     
     The major point of contention for the banks is that if this moratorium is given to them, they will use this in managing their liquidity . They will not lend instead they will pay back their debts in the market . The investors have been perusing to restrict the NBFCs from the moratorium relief under RBI Relief Package.
     
     They want them to use the RBI liquidity window at the given repo rate to address their issues.[19] It all happened when the RBI forced the banks to consider this issue and after that only some banks have taken this into consideration for allowing moratorium for the NBFC'S on case bases after applying diligence towards it after the genuine request from the customers.
      
3. Collection
   
   • Lending cooperations will be going to witness major misconducts a scurrently, the business action would seriously affect income of borrowers
   • NBFCs and HFCs, which have high presentation to Tier II and Tier III , they are probably going to face higher rate if misconducts.
   • Collecting from project loans are required to be in a slower pace as the real estate is vigorously affected because of the absence of accessibility of labor, deficiency of funds, and absence of request of house purchase by the consumers will amount to unsold inventories.
   • However the RBI has diminished repo rate by 2.1% over the most recent couple of months, the decrease in MCLR has just been 50 bases points Banks connect their lending to repo rates, while NBFCs and HFCs don't. This would empower banks to change the interest rate very easily. Subsequently, the lending organization would almost certainly encounter a flood which includes bank transfers to banks, particularly by clients with great reimbursement track.
      
4. Reporting:
   
   • Over 8,000,000 retail borrowers of HFCs and NBFCs would be not able to enjoy the three-month moratorium as such lending corporations have now securitised these credits..[20]

Conclusion
Presently, the NBFC Regulations are not as tough as that of the banks. To have a rigid administrative arrangement, there is a prerequisite of a risk official who will occasionally survey the working of the NBFCs and an independent audit group to keep an eye on their books of records. Further, there must be a framework to survey the liquidity coverage ratio necessity to deal with ASM ( Assest Liability Mismatch) which is a main concern of the current emergency.

These shadow banks are yet to totally assimilate the fundamental stun following defaults by IL&FS and DHFL and a resulting liquidity crunch. Plus, taking into account that most NBFCs have acquired short term finances to subsidize the long term finances , they had the option to ceaselessly renegotiate their borrowings as long as liquidity conditions were simple.

As liquidity fixed, they were left confronting debt reimbursement difficulties and possibilities of rating downsized. To guarantee more prominent flow of credit, from banks to NBFCs, RBI will expand exposure limits from 20% to additional 25% to permit banks to loan to NBFCs for on-lending to clients. This will guarantee restoration of capital situation of these striving non-banks.[21]

Several learning arise out of these actions of RBI. To begin with, the RBI can't exclusively depend on a strategy of usual business structure where liquidity and rate decreases do the stunt of arriving at credit which is affordable to the individuals who need it the most.

The national bank needs to consider straightforwardly giving funds to wraps of the economy where banks or speculators like mutual funds dread to step. Direct bearing of risk could appear as a unique medium-term and long term credit window for MSMEs and a window of liquidity for NBFCs.

The second significant learning is that administrative endurance is basic. For India's situation it basically implies weakening the inflexible NPA's (non-performing assets) standards however long the Covid-19 impacts wait. Organizations will confront income issues because of the extraordinary interruption in monetary action. That would prompt specialized defaults. Except if these are ignored, the RBI can keep on implanting liquidity flow and slash rates in the economy, the dread of making another heap of bad loans will prevent banks from lending in near future.

Unconventional actions frequently will in general run into legal actions. Notwithstanding, in the center of an extreme emergency, the national bank can't dismiss choices just in light of the fact that, state, the Banking Regulation Act seems to disapprove of it. Providing autonomy for new developments and discover specialties in the monetary markets where a piece of these unique facilities can be roosted.

A nation's national bank is supplied with the novel capacity to assimilate monetary risks without worrying about the nature of its balance sheet. The RBI should assume this part of daring after all other options have run out and declare a these unconventional measures at the earliest opportunity.

Suggestions

1. The major Core power of NBFCs involve customer base, confined channels of distribution� fast services, major risks, easily changeable business structure, etc. The NBFCs are experts in accepting new technologies which majorly has assisted them in the management of their functions in a better way so this time too it can be used for evolving
2. Give more stress to the behavioral changes in the clients by helping the existing clients growing more easily. This can be done by increasing profits, lessen the COA (cost of acquisition), providing them with time, support and loyalty. Also, customers However, customer maintenance can be done easily by moving from high cost ways and options to low cost options even when the frequency grows too many.
3. NBFC's can extend their business line in various ways either by the help of partner or by their innovating ideas. They must move from provisioning of product to service oriented. They can expand in various areas of MSME's B2B services like business consulting.
4. They while giving loans to the customers must comply with the following terms such as credit worthiness of the customer or validation of documents must be checked , and further other backgrounds before lending any institutions to safeguard themselves against the repayment.