From the existence of this society, there exist numerous kinds of evils in the environment. Such as rape, murder, theft, etc., and one such is domestic violence. It's a harsh reality that many people have to experience in their lives. The nature of domestic violence can be understood by its initial term that it occurs in the home or in private space which includes family.

During the time of lockdown, we have surpassed the steep rise in crime against women across the country amid restrictions imposed due to the coronavirus outbreak with the National Commission for Women receiving 587 complaints from March 23 to April 16, out of which 239 are related to domestic violence. According to data shared by the NCW, 123 cases of domestic violence were received between February 27 and March 22. In the last 25 days, the commission received 239 more such complaints.[1]

Violence within the confines of the home continues to be a serious concern with the National Commission for Women registering over 6,900 complaints in the "protection of women against domestic violence" category in 2022. These cases accounted for around 23% of the 30,900 plus complaints registered by NCW across different categories of crimes against women.[2]

Now this research article will help us to understand the related terms to domestic violence i.e., aggrieved person, domestic incident report, and domestic relationship which are crucial in combating domestic violence. We will understand the meaning of these terms and how they are related to domestic violence. We will dig into the details of what are the constituents of domestic violence, what establishes a domestic relationship, and who can file the domestic incident report. At last, from this research article, we will have a clear knowledge of these terms how they relate to each other, and why it is essential to recognize and report the representative cases of domestic violence.

Introduction
In order to explore the deepness of domestic violence, firstly we have to understand the key terms involved which are aggrieved person, domestic incident report, and domestic relationships. These concepts will play a significant role in providing support to individuals who are suffering from domestic violence. All these terms are explained in "Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005".

Firstly, we will understand the term "aggrieved person" which has been explained in section 2(a) of the PWDV Act of 2005. According to section 2(a), the term aggrieved person means any woman who is, or has been, in a domestic relationship with the respondent and who alleges to have been subjected to any act of domestic violence by the respondent. [3]

According to section 2(q) of the act, "respondent" means any adult male person who is, or has been, in a domestic relationship with the aggrieved person and against whom the aggrieved person has sought any relief under this Act: Provided that an aggrieved wife or female living in a relationship in the nature of a marriage may also file a complaint against a relative of the husband or the male partner.[4]

Now, let's be familiar with the term "domestic incident report" which has been provided in Section 2(e) of the PWDV Act, 2005. According to section 2(e), a domestic incident report means a report made in the prescribed form on receipt of a complaint of domestic violence from an aggrieved person[5]. Upon receipt of a complaint of domestic violence, the Protection Officer or the Service Provider has to prepare a DIR in Form I (as provided in the Domestic Violence Act) and submit the same to the Magistrate and copies of the same ta the police officer in charge of the concerned police station. If the woman so desires, the Protection Officer or the Service Provider can assist the woman in fling the applications far reliefs and a copy of the DIR is to be annexed with such an application.

Lastly, we'll understand the term "domestic relationships" which has been given in Section 2(f) of the PWDV act which states that a relationship between two persons who live or have, at any point in time, lived together in a shared household, when they are related by consanguinity, marriage, or through a relationship in the nature of marriage, adoption or are family members living together as a joint family[6]. A shared household is a household where a woman lives or has lived with a man in a domestic relationship.

Finally, understanding the meaning and significance of aggrieved individuals, domestic incident reports, and domestic relationships is critical for properly resolving concerns linked to domestic violence or abuse. By being acquainted with these principles, we may better help those in need, raise awareness, and fight to create safer situations for all.

Objective
The purpose of the research was to find out the prevalence, characteristics, causes, and possible understanding of these terms, as well as to find out the perceptions of women of surviving a violent act and overcoming the situation.

What exactly is an aggrieved person? Exploring the definition and attributes
An aggrieved person, within the context of domestic incidents, refers to an individual who has experienced harm, abuse, or any form of mistreatment within a domestic relationship. It is crucial to understand the definition and characteristics of an aggrieved person to effectively address domestic violence and provide necessary support. In simple terms, an aggrieved person is someone who has been subjected to physical, emotional, psychological, or financial harm within an intimate or familial relationship.

This can include spouses, romantic partners, family members, or individuals residing together. It is important to note that an aggrieved person can be of any gender or age, as domestic violence does not discriminate. An aggrieved individual may exhibit a variety of characteristics, but frequent experts include emotions of dread, powerlessness, and loss of control. They may sustain physical injuries or display mental trauma symptoms such as anxiety, sadness, or low self-esteem. Financial dependency on the abuser is also a typical feature, making it difficult for the victim to break out from the cycle of abuse.

Recognizing an aggrieved person's qualities is critical in giving assistance and action. It enables the identification of persons who may require aid, protection, or legal remedies. Communities, organizations, and authorities may take proactive actions to combat domestic violence and protect the safety and well-being of those impacted by recognizing the experiences and vulnerabilities of people who have been victimized.

Understand that domestic abuse is a serious issue that necessitates a thorough knowledge of the victim's experiences. By recognizing the definition and characteristics of an aggrieved person, we may work towards a society in which everyone feels secure, respected, and free from damage in their domestic relationships.

Recognizing the aim and components of a domestic incident report
A domestic incident report is essential for documenting and resolving occurrences that occur in the home. These reports serve as formal records of any domestic-related situations that require intervention or settlement, whether they be disputes between family members, partners, or cohabitants.

A domestic incident report has several functions. For starters, it allows law enforcement or legal authorities to acquire detailed information about the occurrence. This contains information such as the date, time, and location of the incident, the people involved, any witnesses present, and a description of what happened. By recording these instances, the report assists law enforcement authorities in understanding the nature and scope of the problem, allowing them to identify the best course of action. It is also a helpful resource for tracking behavioural trends, identifying possible problems, and assuring the safety and well-being of all engaged.

A domestic incident report often comprises many crucial components in terms of elements. Identifying information about the persons involved, such as their names, ages, addresses, and relationship to one another, may be included. A thorough narrative of the incident, including any physical or verbal abuse, property damage, or threats, may also be included in the report.

Additionally, the report may detail any injuries incurred by the persons involved, the presence of weapons, and any urgent steps taken by law enforcement personnel, such as the issuance of restraining orders or the arrest of individuals. To guarantee a complete record, the report must precisely reflect the sequence of events as well as the environment in which they happened.

Understanding the purpose and parts of a domestic incident report is critical for all parties involved in domestic relationships, not just law enforcement. Recognizing the importance of these reports allows us to work together to successfully resolve domestic occurrences, promote safety, and develop better relationships in our communities.


How domestic incident reports are utilized in court processes and law enforcement agencies?
Domestic incident reports are critical in court processes and law enforcement when dealing with domestic relationships. These reports serve as formal records of situations involving persons in a domestic relationship that occur inside the constraints of a domestic environment.

When law enforcement is summoned to a domestic dispute, officers are expected to write a full report outlining the events that occurred. These reports serve as a factual record of the occurrence, collecting crucial facts such as the date, time, place, people involved, and a detailed narrative of what occurred. Domestic incident reports are significant because they serve as critical evidence in court processes. They give a thorough narrative of the situation, which helps to develop a clear picture of what happened. Prosecutors can utilize this material to create a case against the suspected offender, giving a factual foundation for legal action.

Domestic incident reports can also be used to determine the amount of danger or risk in a domestic relationship. These reports are frequently used by law enforcement authorities to uncover patterns of violence or abuse, allowing them to take necessary actions to protect the victim and avoid additional harm. These reports can also be used by support agencies and organizations that work with domestic abuse victims. They are helpful resources in determining the gravity of the problem and offering appropriate support to the offended party.

Domestic incident reports play a crucial role in maintaining the safety and well-being of persons in domestic partnerships. Law enforcement and legal professionals may work together to protect victims, hold perpetrators accountable, and create a safer environment for all by collecting and keeping accurate information about these instances.

Investigating the many forms of domestic relationships and their dynamics
When it comes to understanding domestic relationships, it is critical to investigate the many types and dynamics that occur. Domestic relationships can range from married couples to cohabiting partners, parent-child connections, and even ties between living siblings or extended family members.

Marriage is one of the most well-known types of domestic partnerships. They are legally married and have made the commitment to make a life together. A married couple's dynamics might vary depending on factors such as cultural conventions, personal beliefs, and individual personalities. Communication, trust, and compromise are frequently essential components of a strong and joyful partnership. Cohabiting partners, on the other hand, are people who live together in a committed relationship but are not legally married to each other. These partnerships, with similar dynamics and obligations, maybe as solid and long-lasting as marriages. It should be noted, however, that legal rights and duties may differ from those of married couples.

Many family groups are built on the foundation of parent-child connections. As children get older and more autonomous, the dynamics of these connections change. Parents play an important role in their children's care, direction, and support, while children rely on their parents for protection, nurturing, and guidance. Domestic relationships are often complicated by sibling connections and extended family dynamics. Siblings may have a strong link, although extended family members living together may face obstacles from various generations and personalities.

Understanding the dynamics and complexities of various home partnerships is critical for recognizing and resolving any difficulties that may occur. It promotes good communication, empathy, and respect among family members. We can create a more inclusive and supportive society for everyone involved if we recognize the diversity of household relationships and their dynamics.

Resources and support are available for aggrieved persons and those in domestic relationships
There are numerous methods for giving services and help to aggrieved individuals and those in domestic partnerships to protect their safety and well-being. These materials attempt to empower individuals and offer them with the aid they require to manage challenging situations.

Domestic abuse hotlines are one of the most important options accessible. These hotlines are manned by skilled specialists who may offer instant assistance, direction, and crisis intervention. They provide a secure and private environment for people to share their worries, get assistance, and establish a safety plan. These hotlines are provided 24 hours a day, seven days a week, guaranteeing that assistance is always available. Aside from hotlines, some several organisations and shelters specialise in assisting aggrieved individuals and those in domestic partnerships.

These organisations provide a variety of services, such as emergency shelter, counselling, legal representation, and financial aid. They foster a friendly environment in which individuals may have access to the resources they need to rebuild their lives and break out from abusive circumstances.

Legal aid programmes are also important in supporting aggrieved individuals in navigating the legal issues of their cases. These programmes offer free or low-cost legal counsel, guidance, and information on a variety of topics, including obtaining restraining orders, filing for divorce or custody, and knowing their rights. Individuals have access to justice and may make educated decisions about their future thanks to legal aid programmes. Additionally, support groups and counselling services are available to give emotional support and healing to victims of domestic abuse.

These groups provide a secure, nonjudgmental environment for survivors to discuss their experiences, develop coping skills, and connect with others who have been through similar experiences. Counselling services provide clients with expert counselling to help them process trauma, recover self-esteem, and form healthy relationship patterns.

It is critical to remember that these tools and assistance are accessible to everyone, regardless of gender or sexual orientation. Domestic violence affects individuals of all backgrounds, and these programmes are intended to be inclusive and accessible to all. Society can assist abused people and those in domestic situations to break away from violence, rebuild their lives, and establish a safer and better future by offering comprehensive tools and support.

It is critical to spread knowledge about these options and urge people to seek help when they need it since no one should experience domestic abuse alone. Society can assist abused people and those in domestic situations to break away from violence, rebuild their lives, and establish a safer and better future by offering comprehensive tools and support. It is critical to spread knowledge about these options and urge people to seek help when they need it since no one should experience domestic abuse alone.

Legal safeguards and remedies for those who have been wronged in domestic partnerships

In India, there are primarily three laws that address domestic violence:
The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act of 2005: The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act of 2005 is a civil legislation that protects women from domestic violence. It also states that an aggrieved party may submit a complaint against the husband's or male partner's relative. This law protects not just married women, but also women in live-in relationships, as well as family members such as mothers, grandmothers, and so on. Under this law, women can seek protection against domestic violence, financial compensation, and the right to live in their shared household, and they can get maintenance from their abuser in case they are living apart.

This legislation assures that women are not evicted from their houses and that they may support themselves if they have been mistreated. It is also intended to safeguard women from their abusers. Under the Act, a Magistrate can issue a protective order to ensure that the abuser does not contact or get closer to the survivor. [7]

The dowry prohibition act: This is criminal legislation that punishes dowry taking and giving. Under this rule, anyone who receives, donates, or even asks for a dowry can be imprisoned for 6 months and they can be fined up to Rs. 5,000. [8]

Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code: Section 498(a) was introduced to safeguard a married woman from cruelty by the husband or his relatives, here cruelty refers to physical, or mental harm to the body or the health of the woman seeking demand to meet any valuable security or for any property the main key content here for this section is the demand of dowry, as dowry deaths were increasing day by day to combat such harsh incidents this section was introduced.

The complaint under this section 498(a) is filed by the aggrieved woman on whom the offence is done by the person related to her by the relation of blood, marriage or adoption. 498(a) can be filed within 3 years of the incident, the essence of this section is the woman must be subjected to cruelty. [9]

Conclusion
The importance of education and awareness in fostering safety and well-being for everyone engaged in domestic situations and relationships. Education and awareness are critical in fostering safety and well-being for all those engaged in domestic situations and relationships. Understanding the meaning and significance of an aggrieved person, domestic incident report and domestic relationship is critical in building a helpful and safe environment for individuals who are affected.

We can see the indications of domestic violence or abuse and take appropriate measures to help victims if we educate ourselves and others about these topics. It is critical to remember that anybody, regardless of gender, age, or socioeconomic status, can be an aggrieved person. We can break down preconceptions and give equal support and help to all folks in need if we recognise this.

Furthermore, understanding the relevance of a domestic incident report enables us to correctly document and report incidences of abuse or violence. This record is an important instrument for legal and protective measures, ensuring that necessary steps are made to resolve the problem and hold criminals accountable. Understanding the dynamics of a domestic relationship also assists us in identifying trends, power imbalances, and possible threats. We may act early, give assistance, and prevent additional harm by educating ourselves about good and toxic relationship patterns.

Finally, education and awareness are critical to creating a culture that values safety, respect, and well-being for all. We can jointly endeavour to eliminate domestic violence and create a safer future for all those involved by sharing an understanding of the meaning and relevance of an aggrieved person, domestic incident report, and domestic relationship.

At last, I hope that this essay has helped to clarify the meaning and significance of an aggrieved person, domestic incident report, and domestic relationship. Understanding these principles is critical in dealing with, preventing, and supporting victims of domestic abuse. We can empower individuals to seek assistance, promote safety, and move towards healthier and more respectful situations by recognising the symptoms and dynamics of domestic relationships. Remember, if you or someone you know is in urgent danger, contact the proper authorities or a hotline. We can make a difference in making communities safer for everyone if we work together.

End-Notes:

1. India witnesses a steep rise in crime against women amid lockdown, 587 complaints received: NCW, The Economics Times (APR17, 2020), https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-witnesses-steep-rise-in-crime-against-women-amid-lockdown-587-complaints-received-ncw/articleshow/75201412.cms?, last seen on 3/08/23.
2. Ambika Pandit, Over 6,900 domestic violence plaints filed by women in 2022, The Times Of India (9/01/23), http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/96839600.cms, last seen on 03/08/23.
3. S. 2(a), The protection of women from domestic violence Act, 2005.
4. S. 2(q), the protection of Women from domestic violence act, 2005.
5. S. 2(e), the protection of Women from domestic violence act, 2005.
6. S. 2(f), the protection od Women from domestic violence act, 2005.
7. Dr. Anjana Kannan Kara, available at https://english.mathrubhumi.com/features/specials/laws-to-stop-domestic-violence-scope-and-misuse1.8259460, last seen at 06/08/23.
8. Dr. Anjana Kannan Kara, available at https://english.mathrubhumi.com/features/specials/laws-to-stop-domestic-violence-scope-and-misuse1.8259460, last seen at 06/08/23.
9. https://www.leadindia.law/blog/en/difference-between-498a-and-domestic-violence-act, last seen at 06/08/23.

Written By: Bhoomi Sharma